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In addition to the P-codes, OBD-II aso provides a number of sensor parameters for things like RPM, MPH, Coolant Temperature, & Injector Pulse Width. OBD-II mandated a standard set and format for error codes (P-xxxx) and a basic set of sensor readouts (PIDs).Ī list of standard P-codes can be found here along with some special codes for different car lines. For 1996, every car sold in the United States, both domestic and imported, had to conform to OBD-II, a government standard for basic communications with automobile and light truck computers. NHTSA decided the multitude of different sequences was too confusing and made emissions testing difficult. Professionals needed yearly updates for every car line they serviced. However every manufacturer had their own data stream and every make model and year had a different sequence. Today early ones like (my preference) the OTC-2000 often show up inexpensively on eBay, you just need to be sure to get the right cables and cartridges). GM Tech-1) have existed for as long as computer controls, early ones were expensive. Factory engineers really do a very good job of programming for both economy and power (sales points) though their agendas are a little different from mine. Personally limit my changes to permit an engine to run about 10% cooler than stock and prevent excusions. Equally quickly frauds and miracle devices showed up to double horsepower or fuel economy and sometimes both. Quickly whole subcultures grew up around "chipping" or reprogramming the computers so the cars ran more in line with what was desired. Reprogramming P4 computers required removing and replacing the PROM though hobbyists quickly determined that the PROMs could be erased and reprogrammed. Note: In 1988 home computers were just transitioning from 1200 to 2400 baud modems.
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The 1988 Reatta had three main computers (ECM (engine), BCM (body & HVAC), and EBCM (brakes)) plus numerous modules interconnected by a serial LAN called the ALDL (Assembly Line Data Link). These were phased out starting in 1986 by a new P4 computer with 256k of ROM and 8192 baud communications.
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The first GM computers had a 2 MHZ 8 bit processor and 2K of ROM (CCC or Computer Command Control) that communicated at 160 baud. In order to meet these goals while also meeting emissions standards (Clean Air Act) required very precise control of the engines and this required computer controls. Since the 2012 Grand Cherokee is the best selling Jeep and also has a rating below the CAFE this puts Chrysler in an "interesting" position. The Chevrolet Volt is a good example of a car designed to raise the CAFE for GM. In order to sell a high-profit 20 MPG guzzler, corporations must sell a number of cars that exceed requirements. In 1973, as I recall the worst gas mileage year in the US, people commonly experienced averages below 10 mpgĬAFE arrived in 1975 with an initial goal of 27.5 mpg for passenger cars by 1985. When gas was under a dollar a gallon, range was a function of tank size not MPG Congress in 1975 in the wake of the 1973 Fuel Crisis.Įarlier, except for a few oddballs who bought things like Volkswagons and the first Minis for "economy", the early 70s were the heyday of the Great American Land Barge (GALB) weighing over two tons and with 400-500 cubic inch engines to move them. This control was necessary to meet new Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) regulations, first enacted by the U.S. The first computer cars arrived in 1981 and with embedded computers came the capability to control engines to a degree impossible before. Introduction and Brief History of Scanners This is not to be considered a recommendation or endorsement of any sort, just my opinionsĬonstructive comments to app1 at 6007 dot us Weasle words: This page represent my personal experience with personal equipment on personal cars.